What is the main symptom of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Abdominal pain
• C. Constipation
• D. Loss of appetite

Answer: (B)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized primarily by abdominal pain, which is often relieved by bowel movements. This symptom is central to the diagnosis of IBS, as patients typically report varying intensities of abdominal discomfort along with altered bowel habits, which can include diarrhea or constipation or a combination of both. The abdominal pain in IBS is usually accompanied by other digestive symptoms such as bloating and changes in the frequency or appearance of stools.

While diarrhea and constipation are indeed symptoms associated with IBS, they are manifestations of the syndrome rather than the primary symptom. Loss of appetite can occur in some individuals with IBS due to the discomfort associated with eating or anticipated gastrointestinal distress, but it is not a hallmark symptom of the condition. Abdominal pain stands out as the key symptom that defines IBS and influences the diagnostic criteria used by healthcare professionals.